Loom reed and method and means for making same



E. R. BOND 2,097,094

LOOM REED AND METHOD AND MEANS FOR MAKING SAME Oct. 26, 1937.

Filed April g5, 1955 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 g lllllllllllllllllll! uniln Hum EDGAR B wow ow E. R. BOND 2;097,094

LOOM REED AND METHOD AND MEANS FOR MAKING SAME Oct. 26, 1937.

Filed April 25, 1935, 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Oct. 26, 1937. 2,097,094

' LOOM REED AND METHOD AND MEANS FOR MAKING SAME E. R. BOND Filed April 26, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 EDGAR IQ. BOND gwvcnton SIM W Oct. 26, 1937. E. R. BOND 2,097,094

LOOM REED AND METHOD AND MEANS FOR MAKING SAME Filed April 35, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 EDGAR R. BOND awucm to'p OHM 1 Patented Oct. 26, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE LOOM REED AND METHOD AND MEANS FOR MAKING SAME Application April 26, 1935, Serial No. 18,431

13 Claims. (01. 29-84) I This invention relates to a loom reed and a method and means for producing the same and more especially to a loom reed having two or more rows of staggered splits spaced in fixed relation to each other to form two rows of staggered dents.

The primary object of this invention is to provide a loom reed which will be more efiicient in operation in the loom, and at the same time provide a cloth with a better face than does the reed used by weavers at the present time.

Owing to the ever advancing costs of raw materials such as cotton, Wool, silk and other textile materials, the trade has called for finer count goods made of lighter yarns in order to get more yards of cloth from a pound of raw material, thereby reducing the cost per yard.

Owing to the ever advancing costs of labor, it has been necessary to increase the speed of the looms 35% to 40% in order for the cloth manufacturer to meet competition. Both of these conditions have imposed burdens on the present type of loom reeds which these reeds are unable to endure. The finer count goods and lighter yarns demand a finer count reed with its correspondingly thinner and weaker reed wire, and the higher speeds demand a stronger and stouter reed, neither of which demands can be met without sacrifice of the other.

Reeds made in accordance with my invention meet both these conditions and at the same time will permit higher loom speeds and finer sley goods than demanded at present, thus allowing, as far as the reed is concerned, greater production of finer count goods per loom whenever such conditions are necessary in the future. Because of the two rows of splits greater air space per dent and a correspondingly smaller resistance to the passage of the warp threads can be obtained than with a reed having a single row of splits. This feature increases the efiiciency of the present loom by diminishing warp breakage. And because of the staggered arrangement of the splits in the respective rows, perfect alignment of the warp threads is maintained at all times, thus affording a, cloth of better face? than is obtainable with regular reeds. This staggered arrangement further allows the use of a heavier wire in the reed, making it more rugged and more capable of withstanding the hard use to which it is put by the high speeds under which it must operate. This is apparent from the fact that cloth requiring an ordinary 50 dent reed, requiring wire .010 thick for 50% air space, would re-* quire only 25 dents per inch per row of splits in my reed, the wire in this case being .016 thick. for 60% air space, thus allowing 60% more strength and more air space than the regular reed.

Although reeds of a somewhat similar type have been used in the past, the method of holding the splits in the ribs has been such as to necessitate the use of a much larger rib than the present reed rib, making it necessary to enlarge the slot in the lay of the loom and also in the reed cap of the loom in orderto accommodate the larger rib. In my method of holding the splits in place, I am able to accomplish this within the same space as occupied by the regular reed, thus making it unnecessary to change any of these dimensions on the loom, a re-alignment of the box-plate being all that is necessary to enable my reed to be used instead of the regular reed.

It is further, an object of this invention to provide an apparatus which will feed the splits first to one row and then to the other, while the fliers which carry the spacing cords for spacing the splits, rotate, and wrap the cord around the reed frame.

Another object of this invention is to provide a pivoted feeding means for the conventional reed machine, and also means for oscillating this feeding means up and down 'to alternately feed a split to first one side of the feed frame and then to the other side as the wrapping cord is placed around the reed frame to space the splits from each other.

A further object of this invention is to provide a loom reed having two or more rows of spaced splits therein mounted in a Wood frame comprising two semi-circular pieces of wood, sometimes termed half-round members, said semi-circular pieces having reinforcing bars in the exterior surface thereof for giving added rigidity to the reed frame. By providing a reed frame comprised of a. combination of wood or other suitable light-weight material together with the reinforcing members imbedded therein, a strong and durable reed of very light construction is made possible which is very much desired over heavier reeds under certain conditions.

It is still a further object of this invention to provide a reed having two or more rows of staggered splits spaced therein, each of said rows of of each coil spring and between the rows of splits.

By providing a construction of this type, the splits may be more accurately spaced, and after being spaced they will be held firmly in this position.

Some of the objects of the invention having been stated, other objects will appear as the description proceeds, when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:--

Figure 1 is a plan view showing portions in section of a reed machine with my invention shown in connection therewith;

Figure 2 is an elevation looking along the line 2--2 in Figure 1,

Figure 3 is a vertical sectional view taken along line 3-3 in Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view taken along line I I in Figure 1;

Figure 5 is an enlarged detail view of the upper central portion of Figure 4 showing a split being fed into the lower portion of the reed frame;

Figure 6 is a sectional detail view taken along line 6-6 in Figure 1;

Figure 7 is an elevation of the reed frame feeder and taken along line II-I in Figure 1;

Figure 8 is a sectional view taken along line 88 in Figure '7;

Figure 9 is an isometric view of the bar adapted to fit in the end of the frame feeders shown in Figures 1 and 7;

Figure 10 is an isometric view of a loom reed made in accordance with my invention;

Figure 11 is a vertical sectional View taken along line ll-II in Figure 10;

Figure 12 is a sectional view taken along line I2-I2 in Figure. 10;

Figure 13 is an isometric view showing another type of loom reed;

Figure 14 is a vertical sectional view taken along line I 4I4 in Figure 13;

Figure 15 is a sectional view taken along line I5!5 in Figure 13.

Referring more specifically to the drawings the numeral I0 indicates a suitable bed plate of a reed making machine which is mounted upon suitable supports not shown in the drawings. Member ID has rising therefrom member I3 in which is rotatably mounted main drive shaft I4, said drive shaft I4 having fixedly mounted thereon a gear I5 which gear meshes with an idler gear l6 mounted on stud shaft I'I. Idler gear I6 also meshes with a gear l8 which s rotatably mounted on pipe I9 and has integral therewith a flier 20. Flier has projecting therefrom a lug 2| in which is fixedly mounted a pin 22, said pin 22 being adapted to support a spool 23 of cord, thread or the like, which is fed therefrom to a thread guide 24 and around one of the reed frames which will be presently described.

Gear I8 also meshes with an idler pinion 25 which is rotatably mounted on stud shaft 26, said stud shaft 26 being mounted in upstanding member I3. This pinion 25 meshes with another pinion 21 which is rotatably mounted on pipe 28. The pinion 21 has; integral therewith a flier 29, said flier 29 having a lug 30 extending therefrom in which is fixedly mounted a pin 3|. Mounted on pinion 3i is a spool of cord or twine 32 which is fed therefrom to a thread guide 33, said thread guide 33 being integral with the flier 29. It is seen that as the main drive shaft I4 rotates, the fliers 20 and 29 will be caused to rotate in a like manner since they are connected through the train of gears I5, I6, I8, 25, and 2'1. It is further seen that since gears I5, I8 and 21 are of the same size that for each rotation of main drive shaft I4, the pinions I8 and 21 will make a revolution.

Each of pipes I9 and 28 have a slot cut in the end thereof in which is adapted to fit a spacer 40, (see Figs. 1, 8, and 9). This member 4 9 comprises two members a and 491) having lugs 49c and 40d integral therewith which are penetrated by a suitable rivet to secure the same together. When these two members 49a and 40b are secured together in a manner which has just been stated, a suitable groove 4| is provided between these members in which a spacer 42 is adapted to be fed to the machine. The upper half-round member 43 of the reed frame passes above the member 40a and the lower halfround member 44, which is identical to the member 43 just described, passes below the member 4017. The members 43 and 44 have suitable reinforcing bars 45 and 46 embedded therein and these are also adapted to pass along through the pipe l9 as the loom reed. is being manufactured. The pipe 28 is identical in all respects to pipe I9 just described, and likewise has mounted therein a member 40, and its associated parts. This pipe also has a reed frame of the construction just described, which is fed through its pipe as the reed is being manufactured and like reference characters will be given like parts to avoid a repetition of description.

The projections formed by portions 490 and 40d are adapted to fit between suitable nuts 49f which are threadably mounted on the ends of pipes I9 and 28. This will allow adjustment of member 43 to the desired position.

The end of main drive shaft I4 is rotatably mounted in a suitable bearing 48 (Figs. 1 and 2) which arises from bed plate I l] and this shaft has fixedly secured near the end thereof a gear 49. Gear 49 meshes with a gear 50 (Fig. 2), which is exactly twice as large as gear 49, and this gear 59 is fixedly mounted on cam shaft 5|. Shaft 5I is rotatably mounted in bearings 52 and 53 and has fixedlysecured thereon a cam 54 which is adapted to contact a roller 55 secured as at 56 to the lower side of pivoted member 57, said pivoted member 5'1 being pivotally secured as at 58 to the upper side of supporting member or hearing 52. Pivoted member 51 has mounted in the'free end thereof a sleeve Gil having an enlarged head portion 60a integral therewith, and on the other end thereof is secured a semicircular gear 6| by any suitable means such as set screw 62.

Secured on the interior of sleeve 60 by any suitable means such as set screws 64, is a split pin 63. This split pin is composed of portions 63a and 63b and on the interior thereof is a rectangular groove through which flattened wire 66 is adapted to pass when it is being fed to the reed frames to be cut into splits. Since it is necessary for a split 58 to be fed to the reed frame each time the fliers 2E and 29 make a revolution to space this split from the other, it is evident that suitable feeding means must be provided for feeding a predetermined portion of the fiattened wire 66 through the split pin 69 each time the main drive shaft I4 makes a complete revolution. This means for feeding the wire into the apparatus is not shown because it is conventional in all respects. It should be further noted that this wire 66 is fed to the reed frame with the fiat side in a horizontal position to allow sufficient clearance between the slots and the wire which will cause the wire to enter the frame more easily. After the wire has been fed entirely within one of the slots in the frame, then suitable means are operated to cause the wire or split to stand up on its edge in the proper position. In order to accomplish this result it is evident that a onequarter revolution of the split pin 63 must be effected. A suitable rack 69 is adapted to mesh with the teeth in gear BI and this rack has a downwardly projecting arm which is pivoted as at ID to bearing 53. A suitable roller II is secured to the side of rack member 69 and this roller is adapted to penetrate a suitable groove in cam 12, said cam 12 being fixedly secured on main drive shaft I4. The groove in cam 12 is cut so as to cause rocking motion of the rack 69, which in turn will cause the gear BI and the member 68 together with the split pin 63 to oscillate a like amount. Since a split 58 is fed into the frame for each revolution of the shaft I4, it is seen that cam I2 will be caused to make a revolution to cause the split pin 53 to turn the split 58 edgewise in the frame after it has been inserted. After split 58 has been inserted, pipes I9 and 28 will be moved to the left in Figure 1 to cause the split to be pushed to the left in the frame and at the same time the left-hand leading edge of member 48 will pass the end of pin 63 to shear the split 68 from the fiat wire 66.

The members 42, 43, 44, 45, and 46 enter through the pipes I9 and 28 in spaced relation to each other, thereby forming slots I5 and I6 above and below the spacing member 42. As previously stated, the wire 65 enters the slots I5 or IS with the fiat side in a horizontal position and after entering the slots it is turned up edgewise and pushed forward against the cord or thread 91 which is wrapped around the frame member to space the splits from each other. In order to partially turn the split 68 so that it will be disposed edgewise in the slot, a suitable bent plate 77 is provided which has a V-shaped portion Tia. for guiding the split to the proper slot. Plate TI is adjustably secured as at I8 to a bracket I9, said bracket 79 being fixedly secured to shaft 88, which, in turn, is secured to the side of pivoted member 51.

It is evident that when the shaft 5| turns that the cam 54 thereon will contact the roller 55 to cause the pivoted member 51 and the split pin 63 therein to oscillate up and down so as to cause the leading end of pin 63 to be first disposed opposite the slot I5 and then opposite the slot I6 to alternately feed splits 58 to the respective slots. Since shaft 88 is secured to pivoted member 5'1, this shaft will also oscillate up and down along with the pivoted member and cause the plate 11 with the V-shapedportion 'I'Ia, to guide the leading edge of wire 86 opposite the slots I5 and I8.

In order to hold the free end of pivoted member 57 downwardly at all times to cause the cam 54 to contact the cam roller 55, a suitable spring Si is secured to the shaft 88 and the lower end of this spring is secured to bed plate I8.

Fixedly secured on the end of shaft 89 is an arm 82 which extends upwardly above the ends of splits 58 to cause the same to be advanced exactly the same amount each time thereby presenting a finished edge to this side of the loom reed. I should be noted that since pinion 49 is one-half the size of pinion 50, that the shaft it will make two revolutions to each revolution of shaft 5 i, thereby causing the pivoted member 51 with the split pin therewith, to make one complete oscillation for each two revolutions of the shaft I4. This will allow a split 68 to be first fed to slot I5 and next to slot '15 in the reed frame. The teeth in pinion 6i and rack 69 are made of sufficient length to prevent these members from becoming unmeshed upon oscillation of pivoted member 51.

The end of the reed framewhich comprises the members 42 to 46 inclusive, are clamped in end member 85 by suitable wing nuts 86, and as the splits 68 are spaced within the frames, this member 85 moves to the left in Figure 1 along with the supporting members II and I2. Figures 10, 11, and 12 show a loom reed which has been made in accordance with my invention which comprises end members 98 which are held in spaced relation to each other by means of strips 42. Rivets 9i penetrate members 98 and 42 at the four corners of the loom reed to hold the same together. This material 42 may be made of steel, wood or any suitable material. Disposed on the outside of members 99 are circular segmental sections 43 and 44 which are usually of wood or other light material, and the ends of these segmental sections are held firmly against the members 90 at their ends by suitable cuffs 53 which are secured in place by any suitable means such as nails or screws t It is evident that by providing the end members together with the spacer members 42 and 43 and 44, that suitable slots I5 and IS will be provided in which splits 68 are adapted to be placed. A split 88 is placed in slot I8 and a suitable cord 91 is wound around the frame, then another split is placed in slot I5 and the cord 9! is again wound around the frame. Then again a. split is placed in slot I6, and so on until the frame is made of the desired length. It is seen that by providing a frame of this construction that the splits will be staggered and spaced from each other by the cord which is wrapped therearound. The members 43 and 44 as well as members 42 may be made of wood, and in fact it is very desirable to do so in order to make a frame of light construction. In order to reinforce these ribs 43 and 44, suitable metallic members 45 and 45 may be embedded wihin the side of circular segmental portions 43 and 44 to reinforce the same.

It is therefore seen that by providing a structure of this type that I have a loom reed of minimum weight, yet having the desired strength.

Figures 13, 14, and 15 show another form of a loom reed which has end members I88, said members I08 being spaced from each other by spacer strips I8I. Disposed on the outside of members I08 are strips I82 and I83 which form suitable slots I84 and I85 for the reception of splits 155. The splits I06 are spaced in slots I84 and I 85 in staggered relation to each other, and in order to construct a reed of this type, the reed is first run through the apparatus as shown in Figures 1 to 9 inclusive, using spacer members such as those denoted by reference characters 42, 43 and 44 to cause the splits to be properly spaced. When this is done the reed is removed from the machine and suitable coil springs I01 and I88 are inserted an appreciable distance from the top and lower edges of the reed frame.

It should be noted by observing Figures 14 and 15, that when the springs I8? and 188 are inse'rted in between the splits I 85 for spacing purposes, that each spring will be allowed to move inwardly until it contacts the staggered split in the opposite slot. Then when both of the springs are inserted, they will overlap thereby providing a double oval space between the rows of splits in which a double oval wire or member I09 is inserted. After this is inserted, semi-circular sections I I and I I I are placed on the exterior of splits I03 and inside of springs I01 and I08. The temporary structure which spaced the splits is then removed and the top and bottom strips which are composed of members I 0|, I02 and I03 are placed at the upper and lower edges to more rigidly hold the splits in place. After these members are placed in their positions they are secured to the end members I00 by any suitable means such as rivets Wild, and. if a suitable binding agent such as solder is placed within the upper edges of slots I04 and I05 to fill the space not occupied by the ends of the splits I06. By providing a reed of this type, it is evident that the reed may be manufactured as any other reed by the apparatus just described, and when this is done, the spacing springs I01 and I08 together with the ovals I09 and half-rounds I I0 and I II may be inserted therein to cause the splits to remain in spaced relation. After the springs and ovals are placed therein the temporary structure is removed and a more rigid framework is placed around the edges of the splits.

The members 43 and 44 are advanced step by step by a conventional mechanism, not shown. This step by step movement takes place after the shearing mechanism 40 has advanced and sheared the last placed split and has returned to the position shown in Figure 1. e

In the drawings and specification there has been set forth a preferred embodiment of the invention, and although specific terms are employed, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only, and not for purposes of limitation, the scope of the invention being set forth in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. Apparatus for making a double dent loom reed comprising means for holding two pairs of members in spaced relation to each other, means for holding a spacing member midway between each pair of members, said members and spacing members being adapted to be moved through the apparatus step by step, a flier mounted for rotation around each pair of members, means for al ternately feeding splits to the two spaces formed by the pairs of members between the said members, said fliers having cord supplies thereon for winding the cord around said members between the splits for spacing the same.

2. Apparatus for making loom reeds having two rows of splits comprising means for holding the frame members of the reed, means for holding a dividing member between each set of frame members, means for feeding splits between the frame members, and means for imparting movement to the feeding means in a plane at right angles to the frame members to alternately place a split on opposite sides of said dividing member.

3. Apparatus for manufacturing loom reeds having a pair of staggered rows of splits comprising means for holding the frame members of the reed, means for holding a dividing member midway between the frame members, means for feeding splits between the frame members, and means for imparting movement to the feeding means whereby the splits will be placed alternately on opposite sides of the dividing member.

4. Apparatus for manufacturing loom reeds having two rows of staggered splits, comprising means for holding the frame members of the reed in spaced relation to each other, means for hold-- ing a dividing member midway between the frame members and. in spaced relation to the frame members, means for feeding splits alternately between the frame members and on opposed sides of the dividing member, and means for placing a spacing cord between the splits as they are fed between the frame members.

5. Apparatus for making a loom reed having staggered rows of splits, which comprises a reed making machine having movable split feeding means, and means for moving said feeding means transversely to the longitudinal axis of the reed to feed the rows of splits to the reed.

6. Apparatus for making loom reeds comprising means for holding the frame members of a reed and advancing the same step by step through the apparatus, means for holding said frame members in spaced relation, means for holding a dividing member midway between the frame members, means for feeding splits between the frame members alternately to each side of the dividing member, whereby a loom reed is formed two rows of splits therein.

'7. That method of making a loom reed having two rows of dents, which comprises holding the frame members of the reed in spaced relation to each other and providing a dividing member midway between a pair of frame members, advancing the frame members step by step and while the frame members are at rest feeding splits first to one side of the dividing member and then to the other side and at the same time placing a spacing cord between the splits to space them from each other.

8. That method of making a loom reed having rows of dents, which comprises holding the frame members in spaced relation to each other and providing a dividing member midway between a pair of frame members, advancing the frame members and feeding splits first to one side of the dividing member and then to the other side and at the same time placing a spacing cord between the splits to space them from each other.

9. That method of making a loom reed having two rows of dents which comprises holding the frane members in spaced relation to each other and providing a dividing member midway between a pair of frame members, advancing the frame members and the dividing member as a unit and feeding splits first to one side of the dividing member and then to the other side and at the same time placing a spacing cord between the splits to space them from each other.

iO. Tnat method of making a loom reed having two rows of dents which comprises holding the frame members in spaced relation to each other and providing a dividing member midway between a pair of frame members, advancing the frame members in relation to the split feeding mechanism and feeding splits first to one side of the dividing member and then to the other side and at the same time placing a spacing cord between the splits to space them from each other.

11. That method of making a loom reed having two rows of dents which comprises holding the frame members in spaced relation to each other, and providing a dividing member midway between a pair of frame members, advancing the frame members and the dividing member as a unit in relation to the split feeding mechanism and feeding splits first to one side of the dividing member and then to the other side and at the same time placing a spacing cord between the splits to space them from each other.

12. That method of making a metallic loom reed which comprises feeding spaced frames step by step, placing two rows of splits between the frames, inserting a coiled spring between the splits in each row, moving the springs into overlapping engagement with each other, inserting a member inside the springs to lock the overlapping portions thereof together, removing the frame members and securing a metallic frame around the ends of the splits to form a finished metallic reed having two rows of dents.

13. That method of making a metallic loom reed which comprises feeding spaced frames,

with dividing members between said spaced frames placing alternate splits on either side of said dividing members at the same time placing a temporary spacing cord around the frame members and between the splits, inserting a coiled spring between the splits in each row, moving the springs into engagement with each other in an overlapping position, inserting a member inside the springs to lock the overlapping portions thereof, removing the frame members and the temporary spacing cordand securing a metallic frame around the ends of the splits to form a metallic reed having two rows of dents.

EDGAR R. BOND. 

